41(F) and 12(B) Squadrons in Aden 1935-36
Apart from 203 (FB)
Squadron, Aden was reinforced by two other RAF
squadrons during the Abyssinian Crisis. In October
1935 two squadrons were sent out from the UK on the
SS Carmania. They left Liverpool on 4 October and
disembarked at Aden on the 20th of the
same month.
41(F) Squadron brought with it (in
packing cases) 24 Harts, of which 12 were IE
(Initial Equipment) and the other 12 IR (Immediate
Reserve). The squadron joined
8 Squadron at
Khormaksar, where on 1 November it received the
latter’s flight of six Demons which
8 Squadron had
received only the month before. These were called
‘D’ Flight, with the 12 Harts being organized into
two flights, ‘A’ and ‘B’. This squadron’s main task
was naval cooperation in conjunction with the
reinforced naval presence at Aden. The squadron
trained in three particular types of attack: low
level machinegun attack, ‘converging’ bombing and
precision bombing attacks on ships in harbour, the
last two perhaps somewhat surprising considering
that this was ostensibly a fighter squadron. In
addition as many RN personnel as possible were taken
up on air experience flights.
In
February 1936 five aircraft from the squadron made a
short visit to ‘show the flag’ on British
Somaliland’s border with Abyssinia. On 18 March the
squadron was moved to temporary accommodation at
Sheikh Othman. That spring training included weekly
night flying to allow the Aden SL (searchlight)
Battery to practice on suitable targets. On 9 June
two planes collided in mid-air, both crews being
killed. On 12 July the squadron began dismantling
its reserve aircraft prior to a move back to the UK.

R.M.S. Carmania
The other squadron that had arrived on the
Carmania was 12(B) Squadron. This also went
initially to Khormaksar. On 19 November a flight of
three aircraft (K3009, K3019 and K2426) were
employed in a dive-bombing role, in conjunction with
aircraft of the other squadrons, in a ‘minor
operation’ against the village of Al Asala. On 25
November the squadron was moved to the desert
landing ground at Robat, where it remained until 23
March when it returned to Khormaksar so that the
landing ground at Robat could be ‘reconditioned’
(including the construction of better temporary
accommodation) and proper runways laid. During the
four months at Robat the aircraft had been parked
out in the open, with no evident loss of
serviceability. The squadron returned to Robat on 18
May, where it was to remain until all aircraft were
flown back to Khormaksar on 7 August for
dismantling, prior to the squadron’s return to the
UK.
12
Squadron was also involved with training with the
Royal Navy. There was extensive liaison with HM
ships at Aden and Perim
between November and March. In January 1936 four
aircraft did a 48-hour attachment to Burao in
British Somaliland, where five Vincent’s from
8 Squadron were on
detachment. This squadron also lost an aircraft. On
24 June a Hart, whilst practicing dive bombing and
low level flying, crashed into the sea, both crew
being killed.
In
the article on the visit of the
King of Italy in
1934, mention was made of the VIP escort provided by
8 Squadron as his ship
sailed out of Aden harbour. This VIP escort was a
standard way of showing the flag (and respect, as in
gun salutes by the Army and
Navy) and both 12 and 41
Squadrons took part in several ‘air escort’ tasks:
on 2 April 1936 four aircraft from the former
provided part of the ‘air escort’ for the
2nd Destroyer
Flotilla as it left Aden. On 22 April both
squadrons were involved in escorting the retiring
Viceroy as he left Aden on the SS Strathmore,
on his way home from India; on 22 May they were up
again for the retiring C-in-C of the East Indies
Fleet. On 15 June 8, 12 and 41 Squadrons provided an
air escort for the cruiser
HMS Norfolk as she left Aden to return to the
East Indies Fleet. The following day the AOC was
given his air escort on his leaving Aden. These last
two tasks would have been useful practice at
formation flying for the King’s Birthday fly-past by
the Aden Wing on 23 June, when the
maximum number of aircraft was involved.

SS Strathmore
12
and 41 did their share of the mail runs to
Perim and Kamaran. For
example the latter did the run on 4 and 25 May, and
again on 27 July but on this occasion to Kamaran
only as the coaling station at
Perim had been closed on 30 June. The warning
order for 12 and 41 Squadrons to return to the UK
was received on 10 July. To take advantage of the
presence of so many additional combat aircraft at
Aden a major demonstration of airpower was arranged
as the finale for these two squadrons. Between 20
and 22 July several ‘demonstration’ flights were
undertaken by a Wing of all squadrons then in Aden,
including the Singapore’s of
203(FB) Squadron! The
tribes to be impressed by these demonstrations were
those about 150 miles northeast of Aden in the area
of Yeshbum. 12 and 41 Squadrons embarked for the UK
on the troopship Somersetshire which left
Aden on 11 August.